What is Justice?

Plato was a Greek philosopher a student of Socrates and a teacher of Aristotle. The three laid down the western philosophy. Plato was a mathematician and a source of philosophical dialogues, was the tack to abridgeherer of the first institution of higher encyclopedism in the western humanityity. Plato was equ exclusivelyy influenced by his handstors thinking just as what he saw as his teacher below the belt death. Aristotle was a student of Plato and a teacher of Alexander the great. He was the man who created a comprehensive dodging of western philosophy, which was inclusive of aesthetics, morality, logic and science and finally authorities.Plato who attended all Socrates trail got a trauma which led him to desire to design an thinker society. Following his death Plato traveled wide in search of learning after which he established the A accordinglys academy. Socrates appears as a fibre in most of Platos dialogues. Most of his physical compositions be in form of dialogue it enabled him raise several(prenominal) points of believe and let the re faceter decide which is more varied. Plato had a great influence in philosophy as well as fond and cultural science. Plato grew up in a family setting that enabled him become an inter array action with city affairs.And desired to go away a master of his own self and find out the realm of publics affairs then as m any were discontented with the formation and a revolution took place. Having brought up in a family that throw a hand in leadership, who asked him to join them what he desired most. Plato expected the family to exert justness instead of in arbitrator. What is umpire? Justice is the concept of moral up indemnifyness ground on ethics, impartiality and born(p) law. Justice faecal matter be just to fairness and equity. It is a key feature in the society.It is the fair gild of this and persons and the first virtue of social institutions. It crowd out be elaborated to be ones reform to b e protected and treated fairy according to the law either in skilful or in wrong doing. overly as deciding c arfully and fairly if one is guilty of what he or she is been acc employ of. Referring to discredit I strongly break that pity enhances the truthfulness of individuals due to fear of disrespect. In this way justice is discoverd to the individuals concerned. This alike enables many to develop the acquired virtue of justice.On other hand pathos can make peck be denied justice when the person voluminous fears to offer or sothing to avoid disrespect. About females and justice they should be as handled with custody they shouldnt be discriminated assuming they atomic number 18 sub-species. In the current world we have seen some women do wear out than their male counterparts inwardness yet the rest given a chance can do it. Justice should be ensured equally to all classes of people to the slimy and the rich. Slaves are people like any other hence should non be eliminated when it adopts to some matters.They can vote and those with leadership qualities should be allowed to go ahead and exercise them. State leadership is not for a chosen few families any one from which ever family as long as they have the potential can be given the mandate and not discriminated due to where they come from. As justice in the deposit is been swirlt, justice for individuals should also be sought. The kingdom affair shouldnt be run on the get down of the individuals welfare. The individuals are the components of the society and state hence in take issueence on their affairs means neglecting the states justice. Justice according to Plato and Aristotle I have italicized philosophers remarks to distinguish then from the rest of the handling In brief, Socrates says writing would bring harmless enjoyment to old men and memories against the forgetfulness of old age A pastime, Socrates, as noble as the other wasting seeds during youth is ignoble, the pastime o f a man who can be amused by serious talk, and can discourse merrily about justice and the like. He meant as the idea of Socrates that the best and true way of writing is the in bold letter the principle of justice is communicating viva voce for the sake of instructions and engraving in the souls.This makes the principles become ones own and his certain offspring though writing would keep the exact information for future day generations. Justice is an old concept in existence and was discussed by several philosophers of the past. check to Plato justice is harmony of three things of the soul which includes desire, passions and author. Reason is what influence over both desires and appetites. Plato likened it to a chariot pulled by to joined horses towards the lie where the horses are desire and appetite and the driver represents the reason that reigns.The sun represents the rattling important goal in life. They have to be monitored not to cut down too low or too close to t he sun and doing so give a true balance to all elements. He believes with this balance justice can be achieved to all individuals. Plato believed justice is enforced when the three types of human character performed their functions. Likewise justice of a state is not found in a part of it but the alone of the state which only occurs when it systems are balanced. Also the justice of an individual is found when his elements are balanced.He refuted the fact that just was that which was mandated by the powerful, and that might is right as opposed to Thracymachus. Plato saw a just society as one that meets the needfully of all its individuals not a few or some (Hooker, pp234). Taking the beau ideal of Platos mentor major ideal that justice would be an excellent character, he sought to explain that no excellence would be achieved through destructive means. He argued that the procedure of justice was to improve human nature, which involved only constructions. Justice according to S ocrates implies hypernym character and intelligence while injustice is deficiency in these dickens areas.Hence just men are effective in action due to these two traits and are better and happier. In addition Plato outlined justice in an excellent way as morality or righteousness, this includes the whole duty of man and involves individual induct towards others. In proceeding justice can be a quality of the soul, which most men set aside and fight for selfish desires and satisfaction. Aristotle denoted that the purpose of every human action was for achievement of nigh things. The things carried out by individuals are sough to give pleasure and happiness, others for the sake of honor and justice.He also severalize among moral virtue and intellectual virtue moral virtues are acquired and not inborn. He emphasized that people with virtues act virtuously and this is nit deniable. According to him justice is amoral virtue which includes lawfulness and fairness. Fairness calls for al l privileges and responsibilities of individuals be equally and proportionally distributed. Aristotle concludes that pleasure is not the aim of human action because not every pleasure is good. He described happiness, as the amity between will and action, of intellect and reason. He concluded that human beings are happiest when channelise by reason.Perfect happiness there of is gained by a unity of practical and theoretical wisdom (Scott, Para 4, 5 &10). In reference work to justice, shame and reputations were termed as motivators of action in justice. Many people are able to express truth when unimpeded by shame. According to Aristotle shame was a pain concerning things that caused individual disrespect. Aristotle concluded that a true estimable is the one who challenges citys convectional justice and not constraint of shame and concern of reputation. In view of Aristotle he spoke of justice as a virtue, individual traits which have a pot of ground in social justice.On the dep raved Plato terms justice as an overarching of virtues of individuals, meaning every thing that he would term as ethical came on a lower floor the notion justice. In the modern usage justice only covers a part of morality, and we dont count people as unjust when they neglect their children or lie. Plato builded around the idea of philosopher rulers which was his primary point. This led to the question, then why do you need ideal state to begin with? The discussion begins with the key term justice which leads to creation of an ideal state. He says the reason for an ideal state is to guarantee the existence of justice.This never denoted that there can be no state without justice because human being are not self sufficient so they need a social environment and each person has specified tasks on which they should build on (republican, pp56-62). Though a person is not self sufficient cabal of person a state should fulfill the need of all its members. Plato condemned the fact that only the auxiliaries are got a chance to state leadership and the poor had no where near. His aim was to define justice though he used politics to do that. On the other hand Aristotle used politics to define politics itself.He begins his text by asking, why does the state exit? His answer was a state is a culmination of natural groupings that begins with the coming together of a man and a woman- a pair, get a family and form a household, which units form a village and villages into a state. Lack of sufficiency just like in Platos view is the catalyst to rising up of unions among people. In politics he is not up to breaking down the society, he argues that there are varied classes in society which are naturally defined. He devotes a lot of time to explain the naturalness of salves and their importance in the society.Both Plato and Aristotle agree that some people cant play an active role in politics. They upheld benefit of the community above those of individuals todays constitution i ncludes a bill of rights that guarantee the rights of every individual. This is good for todays citizens. In accordance to the three elements in human nature equally there are three classes in the society-Philosopher class or the persuasion class which denotes reason auxiliaries, a class of warriors and defenders of the country implying the spirit and the appetite instinct of the community which includes farmers, artisans the lower class people of the society.Thus, weaving a web between the human organism and the social organism, Plato said this to swear that every person had a role in seeing that justice is done to all. Slavery is a contradicting issue between the philosophers and todays society. Aristotle considered slavery natural when it came to politics and in relation to slavery he undermined female population. Plato was a lot less discriminatory but this didnt stop him from believing women were sub-species. This made woman fight endless fighting to gain recognition they de served, today its well acceptable that what men can do women can do better.Plato discussed the possibility of a luxurious state. Where the needs of the people are met and there is division of labor. And there is existence of armament protection that is not a threat to the state itself and offers successful military protection. Plato asks if an unqualified good human being essential appear to decay to bad now and then. This would be a person who is neither absolute in virtue and justice, nor one who falls into misfortune through guilt and depravity but rather, one who succumbs through some miscalculation.He must also be a person who enjoys great reputation and good fortune Enjoying a reputation means finding happiness which Aristotle on the other hand liken to performance of ones duty and is determine by ones degree of evolution. He disagrees with Platos view of sacrificing ones happiness for the interest of the community. Plato contrary to the theories of his student, like ceph alous justice out to be treated as immanent not something external. It is not an importation, or an accomplishment. He proved that justice is not dependent upon chance or an external force.He termed it as the right condition of a human soul. He concluded his debate by saying justice is the bond that joins men together in society. Aristotle on the other hand recognized the role of deliberations in a government, in particular democracy and the extent to which real justice depended on good deliberations (politics, pp410). He argued that democracy supports good life. Aristotle proposes that the private and the government assistance should be given to the poor as a way of trying to achieve self-sufficiency which denote justice.Aristotles ideal of justice appeared superior, upon further investigating but Platos was stronger. In conclusion both Plato and Aristotle had good points of view they agreed in most of their debates. This was as a result of originating from the alike roots acade mically. These deliberations they made were for the good of the society. On the other hand they differ on several topic or views which enabled the society to take the better view as emphasized by their mentor Socrates. Justice should be for the good of the individuals and also the society.Work CitedHooker R. Greek Philosopher Plato, 1996 retrieved on twenty-fifth Nov, 2008 from http//www.wsu.edu/dee/GREECE/PLATO.HTM Scott A, Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics, 2002 retrieved on 25th Nov, 2008 from http//www.angelfire.com/md2/timewarp/ethics.html River S, Pearson N.J, Politics Ancient Philosophy.2008 Ed. Forrest E. Baird and Walter Kaufmann. Upper Vol. 1 of Philosophic Classics. 442-453.