Friday, March 1, 2019
Differences in ethnic experiences of criminal justice system Essay
pagan minorities, afro-Caribbeans and, to a lesser extent, Asians, be vastly over represented in official statistics for vicious offending, and convictions, save these statistics ar non necessarily representative of what is real. An example of these statistics is that depressed populate make up 2. 7% of the British population, and Asians 4. 7%, but black raft make up 11% of the prison population, and Asians 6%. Experiences amongst disparate pagan groups who interact with the criminal justice governance are nonoperational very diverse.Whilst self-report studies show that whites are more than than likely to offend than blacks and Asians rase less likely (Indians 30%, Pakistanis 28% and Bangladeshis 13% according to graham flour and Bowling) this does not represent the experiences of said heathen groups. The criminal justice system consists of a number of steps which include policing, stop and search, marks/cautions, pursuances, trials, convictions, sentencing and prison and at each stage it appears that blacks, and more recently Asians, are much more likely to face injustice, ab evenfall or negativity within the criminal justice system.Phillips and Bowling note that since the 1970s many allegations of oppressive policing towards ethnic minorities have been put forward with mass stop and search trading operations excessive surveillance, armed raids, police violence. With policies such as the discover and Search and the Terrorism Act (2000), police officers may stop at any time or place, any vehicle or psyche and search them for any or no reasons, but the patterns of how these policies put to use are disproportionate towards ethnic minorities black tribe are 7 times likely to be stopped than whites, and Asians 3 times as likely.Police disproportionately using stop and search techniques against minority ethnic groups may be the consequence of police racism, which the Macpherson report of 1999 highlights. Institutional racism within the police force and its individual members may make officers more suspicious, weary and paranoid about ethnic minorities. This could overly be the root of demography, ethnic minorities are over-represented in the social groupings most likely to be stopped and search, such as young, unemployed, working-class males. However this could simply think over the differences in offending between ethnic groups.But more certify for institutional racism towards certain ethnic groups appears when we investigate more, white people are given cautions for crimes much more often than blacks or Asians, arrest rates for blacks are 3. 6 times higher than for whites. This again indicates near kind of unfair or racist treatment however it could be the result of blacks or Asians being more likely to deny an disrespect and look for legal advice out of mistrust for the police, leading to an eventual arrest, as we have already noted that these minorities are more likely to be unfairly policed by officers. The mistrust of the system may also result in ethnic minorities who go on trial opting for a jury. Although in contrast, 60% of white defendants found guilty as compared with only 52% of blacks and 44% of Asians, and the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) more likely to drop cases against ethnic minorities. This suggests that police are bringing weak cases against ethnic minorities to court, frankincense being abandoned.Although this suggests a more fair treatment in regards to prosecution and conviction, it indicates police racism in forcing ethnic minorities into court for frivolous crimes. Ethnic groups such as blacks and Asians possibly have a much harder and more negatively perceived experience of the criminal justice system because they are subject to a lot of discrimination, for instance in self-report studies when asked for the perpetrators ethnicity, many people would often guess black even if they arent sure, reinforcing the negative ethnic stereotype.Since the 9/11 attacks suspicions about Muslims have risen greatly, even though they cannot be justified on the large scale discrimination and preconception they experience, this prejudice can often lead to over policing in ethnic minority areas, thus adding to the disparity in the criminal statistics, it may not be that these ethnic groups are committing more crime, it could just be that there are more police acting in a alert way around and towards these groups, so they are punished more harshly.It could be argued that if the same amount of vigilance and over-policing was applied to white communities equally, the statistics may equalize. Whilst it is lay down that Blacks and Asians are overrepresented in criminal statistics, the extent of this remains to be seen, it is viable that the reality is that those ethnic groups, on average, do commit more crimes than others, it is also possible this is false.
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